What does the term "periodization" refer to in training?

The term "periodization" refers to the systematic variation of volume and intensity in a training program to optimize performance and recovery. This concept is essential for preventing plateaus in athletic performance and for reducing the risk of injury.

Periodization involves breaking training into specific cycles or phases, each with distinct goals. For example, athletes may focus on building muscular strength in one phase, enhancing endurance in another, and practicing sport-specific skills in yet another. This approach allows for planned recovery periods, which are crucial for physical adaptation and overall performance improvement. By varying intensity and volume, individuals can train efficiently while avoiding overtraining.

This method ensures a structured progression that aligns with an athlete's competitive schedule, allowing for peak performance during critical competitive times. It contrasts with unstructured training approaches that may not effectively balance the demands of high intensity and adequate recovery.